The OSS BSS System and Platform market report provides a detailed analysis of global market size, regional and country-level market size, segmentation market growth, market share, competitive Landscape, sales analysis, impact of domestic and global market players, value chain optimization, trade regulations, recent developments, opportunities analysis, strategic market growth analysis, product launches, area marketplace expanding, and technological innovations. According to our latest research, the global OSS BSS System and Platform size is estimated to be USD 43860 million in 2026 from USD 35140 million in 2020, with a change XX% between 2020 and 2021. The global OSS BSS System and Platform market size is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.7% for the next five years. Market segmentation OSS BSS System and Platform market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2016-2026, the growth among segments provide accurate calculations and forecasts for revenue by Type and by Application. This analysis can help you expand your business by targeting qualified niche markets. Market segment by Type, covers Operation Support Systems (OSS) Business Support System (BSS) Service Delivery Platform Market segment by Application, can be divided into Communication Industry Retail Industry Media and Entertainment Industry Banks and Financial Institutes Others Market segment by players, this report covers Amdocs CSG Ericsson Huawei Xoriant Creospan Subex Samsung Electronics Market segment by regions, regional analysis covers North America (United States, Canada, and Mexico) Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe) Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, India, Southeast Asia, Australia, and Rest of Asia-Pacific) South America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of South America) Middle East & Africa (Turkey, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Rest of Middle East & Africa) The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 12 chapters: Chapter 1, to describe OSS BSS System and Platform product scope, market overview, market opportunities, market driving force and market risks. Chapter 2, to profile the top players of OSS BSS System and Platform, with revenue, gross margin and global market share of OSS BSS System and Platform from 2019 to 2021. Chapter 3, the OSS BSS System and Platform competitive situation, revenue and global market share of top players are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast. Chapter 4 and 5, to segment the market size by type and application, with revenue and growth rate by type, application, from 2016 to 2026. Chapter 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, to break the market size data at the country level, with revenue and market share for key countries in the world, from 2016 to 2021.and OSS BSS System and Platform market forecast, by regions, type and application, with revenue, from 2021 to 2026. Chapter 11 and 12, to describe OSS BSS System and Platform research findings and conclusion, appendix and data source.
1 Market Overview 1.1 Product Overview and Scope of OSS BSS System and Platform 1.2 Classification of OSS BSS System and Platform by Type 1.2.1 Overview: Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size by Type: 2020 Versus 2021 Versus 2026 1.2.2 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Type in 2020 1.2.3 Operation Support Systems (OSS) 1.2.4 Business Support System (BSS) 1.2.5 Service Delivery Platform 1.3 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market by Application 1.3.1 Overview: Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size by Application: 2020 Versus 2021 Versus 2026 1.3.2 Communication Industry 1.3.3 Retail Industry 1.3.4 Media and Entertainment Industry 1.3.5 Banks and Financial Institutes 1.3.6 Others 1.4 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size & Forecast 1.5 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast by Region 1.5.1 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2026 1.5.2 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size by Region, (2016-2021) 1.5.3 North America OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Prospect (2016-2026) 1.5.4 Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Prospect (2016-2026) 1.5.5 Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Prospect (2016-2026) 1.5.6 South America OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Prospect (2016-2026) 1.5.7 Middle East and Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Prospect (2016-2026) 1.6 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends 1.6.1 OSS BSS System and Platform Market Drivers 1.6.2 OSS BSS System and Platform Market Restraints 1.6.3 OSS BSS System and Platform Trends Analysis 2 Company Profiles 2.1 Amdocs 2.1.1 Amdocs Details 2.1.2 Amdocs Major Business 2.1.3 Amdocs OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions 2.1.4 Amdocs OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) 2.1.5 Amdocs Recent Developments and Future Plans 2.2 CSG 2.2.1 CSG Details 2.2.2 CSG Major Business 2.2.3 CSG OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions 2.2.4 CSG OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) 2.2.5 CSG Recent Developments and Future Plans 2.3 Ericsson 2.3.1 Ericsson Details 2.3.2 Ericsson Major Business 2.3.3 Ericsson OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions 2.3.4 Ericsson OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) 2.3.5 Ericsson Recent Developments and Future Plans 2.4 Huawei 2.4.1 Huawei Details 2.4.2 Huawei Major Business 2.4.3 Huawei OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions 2.4.4 Huawei OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) 2.4.5 Huawei Recent Developments and Future Plans 2.5 Xoriant 2.5.1 Xoriant Details 2.5.2 Xoriant Major Business 2.5.3 Xoriant OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions 2.5.4 Xoriant OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) 2.5.5 Xoriant Recent Developments and Future Plans 2.6 Creospan 2.6.1 Creospan Details 2.6.2 Creospan Major Business 2.6.3 Creospan OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions 2.6.4 Creospan OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) 2.6.5 Creospan Recent Developments and Future Plans 2.7 Subex 2.7.1 Subex Details 2.7.2 Subex Major Business 2.7.3 Subex OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions 2.7.4 Subex OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) 2.7.5 Subex Recent Developments and Future Plans 2.8 Samsung Electronics 2.8.1 Samsung Electronics Details 2.8.2 Samsung Electronics Major Business 2.8.3 Samsung Electronics OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions 2.8.4 Samsung Electronics OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) 2.8.5 Samsung Electronics Recent Developments and Future Plans 3 Market Competition, by Players 3.1 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Share by Players (2019-2021) 3.2 Market Concentration Rate 3.2.1 Top 3 OSS BSS System and Platform Players Market Share 3.2.2 Top 10 OSS BSS System and Platform Players Market Share 3.2.3 Market Competition Trend 3.3 OSS BSS System and Platform Players Head Office, Products and Services Provided 3.4 Mergers & Acquisitions 3.5 New Entrants and Expansion Plans 4 Market Size Segment by Type 4.1 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Market Share by Type (2016-2021) 4.2 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market Forecast by Type (2021-2026) 5 Market Size Segment by Application 5.1 Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Application (2016-2021) 5.2 OSS BSS System and Platform Market Forecast by Application (2021-2026) 6 North America by Country, by Type, and by Application 6.1 North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2026) 6.2 North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2026) 6.3 North America OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size by Country 6.3.1 North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2016-2026) 6.3.2 United States OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 6.3.3 Canada OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 6.3.4 Mexico OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 7 Europe by Country, by Type, and by Application 7.1 Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2026) 7.2 Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2026) 7.3 Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size by Country 7.3.1 Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2016-2026) 7.3.2 Germany OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 7.3.3 France OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 7.3.4 United Kingdom OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 7.3.5 Russia OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 7.3.6 Italy OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 8 Asia-Pacific by Region, by Type, and by Application 8.1 Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2026) 8.2 Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2026) 8.3 Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size by Region 8.3.1 Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Region (2016-2026) 8.3.2 China OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 8.3.3 Japan OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 8.3.4 South Korea OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 8.3.5 India OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 8.3.6 Southeast Asia OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 8.3.7 Australia OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 9 South America by Country, by Type, and by Application 9.1 South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2026) 9.2 South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2026) 9.3 South America OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size by Country 9.3.1 South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2016-2026) 9.3.2 Brazil OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 9.3.3 Argentina OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 10 Middle East & Africa by Country, by Type, and by Application 10.1 Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2026) 10.2 Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2026) 10.3 Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size by Country 10.3.1 Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2016-2026) 10.3.2 Turkey OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 10.3.3 Saudi Arabia OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 10.3.4 UAE OSS BSS System and Platform Market Size and Forecast (2016-2026) 11 Research Findings and Conclusion 12 Appendix 12.1 Methodology 12.2 Research Process and Data Source 12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables Table 1. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type, (USD Million), 2020 VS 2021 VS 2026 Table 2. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application, (USD Million), 2020 VS 2021 VS 2026 Table 3. Global Market OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (Million USD) Comparison by Region (2016 VS 2021 VS 2026) Table 4. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million) by Region (2016-2021) Table 5. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Region (2021-2026) Table 6. Amdocs Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors Table 7. Amdocs Major Business Table 8. Amdocs OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions Table 9. Amdocs OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) Table 10. CSG Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors Table 11. CSG Major Business Table 12. CSG OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions Table 13. CSG OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) Table 14. Ericsson Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors Table 15. Ericsson Major Business Table 16. Ericsson OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions Table 17. Ericsson OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) Table 18. Huawei Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors Table 19. Huawei Major Business Table 20. Huawei OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions Table 21. Huawei OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) Table 22. Xoriant Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors Table 23. Xoriant Major Business Table 24. Xoriant OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions Table 25. Xoriant OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) Table 26. Creospan Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors Table 27. Creospan Major Business Table 28. Creospan OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions Table 29. Creospan OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) Table 30. Subex Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors Table 31. Subex Major Business Table 32. Subex OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions Table 33. Subex OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) Table 34. Samsung Electronics Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors Table 35. Samsung Electronics Major Business Table 36. Samsung Electronics OSS BSS System and Platform Product and Solutions Table 37. Samsung Electronics OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2021) Table 38. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million) by Players (2019-2021) Table 39. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Share by Players (2019-2021) Table 40. Breakdown of OSS BSS System and Platform by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) Table 41. OSS BSS System and Platform Players Head Office, Products and Services Provided Table 42. OSS BSS System and Platform Mergers & Acquisitions in the Past Five Years Table 43. OSS BSS System and Platform New Entrants and Expansion Plans Table 44. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million) by Type (2016-2021) Table 45. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021) Table 46. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Forecast by Type (2021-2026) Table 47. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2021) Table 48. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Forecast by Application (2021-2026) Table 49. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 50. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 51. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 52. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 53. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 54. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 55. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 56. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 57. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 58. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 59. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 60. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 61. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 62. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 63. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 64. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 65. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 66. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Region (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 67. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 68. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 69. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 70. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 71. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 72. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 73. Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 74. Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 75. Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 76. Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (USD Million) Table 77. Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (USD Million) Table 78. Middle East & Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue by Country (2021-2026) & (USD Million) List of Figures Figure 1. OSS BSS System and Platform Picture Figure 2. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Type in 2020 Figure 3. Operation Support Systems (OSS) Figure 4. Business Support System (BSS) Figure 5. Service Delivery Platform Figure 6. OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Application in 2020 Figure 7. Communication Industry Picture Figure 8. Retail Industry Picture Figure 9. Media and Entertainment Industry Picture Figure 10. Banks and Financial Institutes Picture Figure 11. Others Picture Figure 12. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue, (USD Million): 2020 VS 2021 VS 2026 Figure 13. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Forecast (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 14. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2026) Figure 15. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Region in 2020 Figure 16. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2026) Figure 17. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2026) Figure 18. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2026) Figure 19. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2026) Figure 20. Middle East and Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2026) Figure 21. OSS BSS System and Platform Market Drivers Figure 22. OSS BSS System and Platform Market Restraints Figure 23. OSS BSS System and Platform Market Trends Figure 24. Amdocs Recent Developments and Future Plans Figure 25. CSG Recent Developments and Future Plans Figure 26. Ericsson Recent Developments and Future Plans Figure 27. Huawei Recent Developments and Future Plans Figure 28. Xoriant Recent Developments and Future Plans Figure 29. Creospan Recent Developments and Future Plans Figure 30. Subex Recent Developments and Future Plans Figure 31. Samsung Electronics Recent Developments and Future Plans Figure 32. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Share by Players in 2020 Figure 33. OSS BSS System and Platform Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) Figure 34. Global Top 3 Players OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share in 2020 Figure 35. Global Top 10 Players OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share in 2020 Figure 36. Key Players Market Share Trend (Top 3 Market Share: 2019 VS 2020 VS 2021) Figure 37. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Share by Type in 2020 Figure 38. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market Share Forecast by Type (2021-2026) Figure 39. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Share by Application in 2020 Figure 40. Global OSS BSS System and Platform Market Share Forecast by Application (2021-2026) Figure 41. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2026) Figure 42. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2026) Figure 43. North America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2026) Figure 44. United States OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 45. Canada OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 46. Mexico OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 47. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2026) Figure 48. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2026) Figure 49. Europe OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2026) Figure 50. Germany OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 51. France OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 52. United Kingdom OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 53. Russia OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 54. Italy OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 55. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2026) Figure 56. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2026) Figure 57. Asia-Pacific OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2026) Figure 58. China OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 59. Japan OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 60. South Korea OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 61. India OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 62. Southeast Asia OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 63. Australia OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 64. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2026) Figure 65. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2026) Figure 66. South America OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2026) Figure 67. Brazil OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 68. Argentina OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 69. Middle East and Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2026) Figure 70. Middle East and Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2026) Figure 71. Middle East and Africa OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2026) Figure 72. Turkey OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 73. Saudi Arabia OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 74. UAE OSS BSS System and Platform Revenue and Growth Rate (2016-2026) & (USD Million) Figure 75. Methodology Figure 76. Research Process and Data Source